The resultant Top2bCKO mice were subject to CFC at 8 weeks of age, following which hippocampal lysates were prepared and γH2AX levels were assessed by western blotting. To understand whether DSBs formed in vivo are also a result of Top2B activity, conditional Top2bf/f mice were crossed with CaMKIIα-Cre mice, which causes for the deletion of Top2b from excitatory forebrain neurons in adult mice. We have obtained a mouse model (Top2bf/f mice) in which the expression of Cre recombinase allows for the conditional deletion of endogenous Top2b.
Methods: To assess whether stimulus-induced DSBs are also formed at specific genomic loci in vivo, we subjected two-month old C57BL/6 mice to a contextual fear conditioning (CFC) paradigm, following which we dissected the hippocampi and performed ChIP-seq with antibodies against the DSB marker, γH2AX. Together, these results raise intriguing questions about the mechanisms that regulate the formation of stimulus-induced DSBs at specific genomic loci and whether the formation of these DSBs has a role in neuronal functions, including in the development of adaptive behaviors. These activity-induced DSBs are generated by the type II topoisomerase, topoisomerase IIβ (Top2B), and we showed surprisingly that Top2B-mediated DSBs facilitate the rapid induction of these aforementioned IEGs. Recently, we reported that activity-dependent stimulation of cultured primary neurons triggers the formation of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) in the promoters of a subset of immediate early genes, including Fos, Npas4, and Egr1. While immediate early genes are primed for rapid induction, the specific impediments to their expression under basal conditions, and the mechanisms that relieve these constraints are still poorly understood.
#P75 f1 pc audio driver delay Patch
Hopefully, Microsoft will address the audio issues in Windows 10 with the upcoming optional updates and include the fix for everyone in the next Patch Tuesday update, which is scheduled to arrive on June 8.Ilse Delint Ramirez, Richard Rueda, Charlotte Marchioni, Ryan Stott, Oleg Kritskiy, Jacob Jaffe, Li-Huei Tsai, Ram Madabhushi* University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United Statesīackground: Neuronal activity triggers the rapid expression of immediate early genes that play important roles in experience-driven synaptic changes, learning, and memory. In some cases, enabling and disabling sound effects will also fix the issue. If the above workarounds don’t work, you can also try switching between the audio quality from Control Panel audio settings. Select Windows Sonic, Dobly or any other available options. Method 2: Right-click on the volume icon pinned to the taskbar and click on Spatial sound (Off).For example, if you’re having issues with Groove Music, switch to the web browser and try playing the audio there. Method 1: Stream the video or audio in your web browser instead of the app affected by the problems.To address audio issues, you can either uninstall the Windows 10 updates manually or follow these steps: Windows 10 version 20H2 and version 2004: KB5000842 (released in March), KB5001330 (released in April), KB5001391 (released in April), and KB5003173 (released in May).
Here’s the list of affected Windows 10 updates and versions: In addition to Dolby issues, users can also experience squeak sound (a spike in the volume) in certain apps when using affected audio devices.